Greeshma Ritucharya: An Integrative Review on Heat Adaptation and Seasonal Physiology

Abstract

Background: Greeshma Ritucharya (Ayurvedic summer regimen) provides a traditional framework for maintaining
homeostasis during rising temperatures. Integrating this ancient wisdom with modern thermal biology is increasingly
relevant due to rising global temperatures.

Objective: This review explores physiological shifts during Greeshma and evaluates Ayurvedic interventions in
mitigating heat stress.

Methods: An integrative analysis was conducted, synthesizing classical texts (Charaka/Sushruta Samhita) with
contemporary research on thermoregulation and metabolism.

Results: Ayurveda identifies Greeshma by Vata accumulation and a natural decline in physical strength (Bala).
Modern physiology parallels this through vasodilation, electrolyte loss through sweating, and metabolic adaptation.
Prescribed diets – emphasizing Shitam (cold), Madhura (sweet), and Drava (liquid) intake – proactively prevent
dehydration. Lifestyle shifts, such as reduced exertion, align with modern chronobiological recommendations for
heat adaptation.

Discussion: The synergy between Agni (digestive fire) depletion and peripheral vasodilation suggests that Ayurvedic
dietary restrictions prevent metabolic strain when visceral blood flow is low. Furthermore, the focus on Madhura and
Drava substances serves as a functional precursor to modern oral rehydration, stabilizing electrolytes lost through
perspiration. By modulating activity levels, these traditional practices act as behavioral thermoregulation, enhancing
cellular resilience against thermal stress.

Conclusion: Greeshma Ritucharya offers a sophisticated, preventative strategy for seasonal health. Integrating these
practices with modern insights provides a holistic solution for contemporary challenges associated with climate
change and heat adaptation.