Understanding Childhood Obesity through the Ayurvedic Concept of Sthaulya: An Ayurvedic Review

Abstract

Childhood obesity is an increasingly prevalent health concern, characterized by excessive body weight in relation to a child’s age and height. Its development is influenced by several factors, including sedentary habits, improper dietary patterns, inadequate physical activity, and excessive daytime sleep. Beyond its physical consequences, obesity can adversely affect a child’s academic performance, self-esteem, psychological well-being, and social interactions. In Ayurveda, childhood obesity can be correlated with Sthaulya, a condition classified under Medoroga, in which excessive accumulation of Medodhatu (adipose tissue) occurs, particularly in regions such as the abdomen, hips, and thighs. Sthaulya is also described as a Santarpanajanya Vikara and Rasapradoshaja Vikara. Frequent intake of heavy, oily, cold, and excessive food, combined with excessive sleep and physical inactivity, contributes to the impairment of Dosha, Dhatvagni, and Medodhatvagni, ultimately leading to excessive fat accumulation. Timely prevention and appropriate management of childhood obesity are crucial for maintaining healthy growth and improving overall quality of life. Ayurveda provides a comprehensive approach through Ahara (dietary regulation), Vihara (lifestyle modification), physical activity, and appropriate therapeutic interventions, with emphasis on restoring metabolic balance and preventing further progression of Sthaulya.